₨264
The image displays the front cover of an official textbook for Mathematics Grade 12 issued by the Punjab government in Pakistan.
Title: MATHEMATICS printed in a bold, dark brown, serif typeface across the top left.
Grade/Class: 12 displayed in white text inside a rounded orange rectangular block on the top right.
Publishing Authority: Located at the bottom inside a dark brown banner. A white rectangular label contains the text “PUNJAB EDUCATION, CURRICULUM, TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY” alongside the official green PECTAA logo and tagline.
The center of the cover features a large light-yellow circular frame containing three separate mathematical diagrams:
Top-Left Plot: A Cartesian coordinate graph illustrating a cubic-like function curve $y = f(x)$, marking turning points and horizontal tangent lines.
Top-Right Plot: A coordinate grid depicting a triangle with labeled vertices, including points such as $A(1, 2)$ and $B(7, 3)$, representing analytic geometry concepts.
Bottom Diagram: A calculus diagram showing definite integration, depicting a continuous curve $y = f(x)$ over an interval $[a, b]$ on the $x$-axis, with the shaded region $R$ beneath the curve
